What is the role of alcohol-based hand rubs in infection control?

Alcohol-based hand rubs play a crucial role in infection control by effectively reducing the bacterial load on hands. When properly used, these hand sanitizers contain a high concentration of alcohol, typically between 60% and 95%, which is effective at killing a wide range of pathogens, including bacteria and viruses. This action is particularly important in clinical settings where the risk of transmission of infectious agents is high.

The effectiveness of alcohol-based hand rubs lies in their ability to disrupt the cellular membrane of microorganisms, leading to their destruction. They are particularly valuable in situations where soap and water are not readily available, allowing for quick and convenient hand hygiene while also being recommended for use in conjunction with soap and water when hands are visibly soiled.

Options that imply alcohol-based hand rubs merely mask odors, completely replace soap and water, or serve primarily as moisturizers do not accurately reflect their primary purpose, which is to reduce pathogens on the hands, hence highlighting that option as the correct choice.